A balloon catheter is a type of “soft” catheter with an inflatable “balloon” at its tip which is used during a catheterization procedure to enlarge a narrow opening or passage within the body.
Coronary angioplasty is a medical procedure in which a balloon is used to open a blockage in a
coronary (heart) artery narrowed by atherosclerosis. This procedure improves blood flow to the heart#152D5F
Guiding Catheters are essential tools for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Understanding construction, design and performance characteristics facilitate their appropriate selection. Selection of Guide catheters seems elementary but makes the difference between a successful and failed PCI procedure.
Brands
The guidewire is the device used to guide the catheter into place during CVC insertions. The purpose of a guidewire is to gain access to the blood vessels using a minimally invasive technique.
Tiny guide wires are designed to navigate vessels to reach a lesion or vessel segment. Once the tip of the device arrives at its destination, it acts as a guide that larger catheters can rapidly follow for easier delivery to the treatment site.
Solid Core Wire: The central wire is encased by a metal ‘spring’ coil.
Mandrel Wire: The outer spring coil is at one end.
Ribbon Wire: The spring coil encases both the core wire and a ribbon wire.
A stent is a metal or plastic tube inserted into the lumen of an anatomic vessel or duct to keep the passageway open, and stenting is the placement of a stent.
Stents are placed during a coronary angioplasty. In the coronary arteries a bare metal or drug eluting, a bioabsorbable stent, or occasionally a covered stent is inserted.
Vascular stents are a common treatment for advanced peripheral and cardiovascular disease.
Ureteral Stents are used to ensure the patency of a ureter, which may be compromised, for example, by a kidney stone.
Prostatic Stents are placed from the bladder through the prostatic and penile urethra to allow drainage of the bladder through the penis.
Stents can be classified into two categories:
Bare-metal stents have no special coating. They act as scaffolding to prop open blood vessels after they’re widened with angioplasty. As the artery heals, tissue grows around the stent, holding it in place. However, sometimes an overgrowth of scar tissue in the lining of the artery increases the risk of re-blockage.
Drug-eluting stents are coated with medication that is slowly released (eluted) to help prevent the growth of scar tissue in the artery lining. This helps the artery remain smooth and open, ensuring good blood flow.
A cardiac pacemaker, is a medical device that generates electrical impulses delivered by electrodes to cause the heart muscle chambers to contract and therefore pump blood; by doing so this device replaces and/or regulates the function of the electrical conduction system of the heart. .
Temporary Pacemaker
Permanent Pacemaker
To get to the lungs, blood must cross an atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), or a patent ductus artery (PDA). This condition severely restricts blood flow to the lungs. Patient may need a series of shunts and surgeries to correct this defect to allow blood from the body to flow into the lungs.
In children with a large ASD, the main risk is to the blood vessels in the lungs because more blood than normal is being pumped there. Over time, usually many years, this may cause permanent damage to the lung blood vessels.
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart defect found in the days or weeks after birth. All babies are born with this opening between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. But it often closes on its own shortly after birth, once the baby breathes on its own.
A ventricular septal defect is an abnormal opening (hole) in the heart that forms between the heart’s lower pumping chambers (ventricles), as shown in the heart on the right. This allows oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood to mix. A normal heart is shown on the left.0
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